This percentage has fallen over time due to the increase in manufacture of lithium-ion batteries: in 2000, almost half of all portable rechargeable batteries sold in Japan were NiMH. In Switzerland in 2009, the equivalent statistic was approximately 60%. Ībout 22% of portable rechargeable batteries sold in Japan in 2010 were NiMH. In the European Union and due to its Battery Directive, nickel metal hydride batteries replaced Ni–Cd batteries for portable consumer use. In 2008, more than two million hybrid cars worldwide were manufactured with NiMH batteries. improved the Ti–Ni alloy structure and composition and patented its innovations. The first consumer-grade NiMH cells became commercially available in 1989. Modern NiMH cells were based on this design. More economically viable alloys using mischmetal instead of lanthanum were soon developed. In 1987, Willems and Buschow demonstrated a successful battery based on this approach (using a mixture of La 0.8Nd 0.2Ni 2.5Co 2.4Si 0.1), which kept 84% of its charge capacity after 4000 charge–discharge cycles. However, these suffered from alloy instability in alkaline electrolyte and consequently insufficient cycle life. Research carried out by Philips Laboratories and France's CNRS developed new high-energy hybrid alloys incorporating rare-earth metals for the negative electrode. Hydride technology promised an alternative, less bulky way to store the hydrogen. Interest grew in the 1970s with the commercialisation of the nickel–hydrogen battery for satellite applications. Patent applications were filed in European countries (priority: Switzerland), the United States, and Japan. h/kg (180 kJ/kg), specific power up to 1000 W/kg and a life of 500 charge cycles (at 100% depth of discharge).The batteries' specific energy reached 50 W Development was sponsored over nearly two decades by Daimler-Benz and by Volkswagen AG within Deutsche Automobilgesellschaft, now a subsidiary of Daimler AG. It was based on sintered Ti 2Ni+TiNi+x alloys and NiOOH electrodes. Work on NiMH batteries began at the Battelle-Geneva Research Center following the technology's invention in 1967. They are typically used as a substitute for similarly shaped non-rechargeable alkaline batteries, as they feature a slightly lower but mostly compatible cell voltage, and are resistant against leaking and explosion. NiMH batteries can have two to three times the capacity of NiCd batteries of the same size, with significantly higher energy density, although much less than lithium-ion batteries. However, the negative electrodes use a hydrogen-absorbing alloy instead of cadmium. The chemical reaction at the positive electrode is similar to that of the nickel–cadmium cell (NiCd), with both using nickel oxide hydroxide (NiOOH). A nickel metal hydride battery ( NiMH or Ni–MH) is a type of rechargeable battery.

Energizer recharge time 1300mah